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Tank Farm Operations and Performance: Types, Construction, and Operational Standards for Stored Products | 7th – 11th July 2025

This 5-day course is designed to provide professionals with a detailed understanding of tank farm operations, including the design, construction, ... Show more
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Course Overview

This 5-day course is designed to provide professionals with a detailed understanding of tank farm operations, including the design, construction, and operational requirements for storing crude oil and refined products. The course explores various types of tanks used in tank farms, their construction standards, safety and risk management, and the essential operations required to manage stored products effectively.

Course Objectives

By the end of this course, participants will be able to:

  1. Understand the physical, chemical, and hazardous properties of stored products and their impact on tank farm operations.
  2. Apply safety and risk management techniques in tank farm operations, including fire detection and firefighting.
  3. Understand tank design and engineering standards, including API codes and considerations for crude and refined product storage.
  4. Estimate tank emissions and losses, and apply technologies to reduce them.
  5. Gain insight into tank terminal operations, including custody transfer, stock loss, and product quality control.
  6. Manage terminal inventory control, including inter-tank transfers, tank calibration, and spill control.
  7. Learn about international regulations and standards for oil and gas marine terminals, including safety measures and inspections.

Target Audience

  • Tank farm operators, engineers, and managers in the oil and gas industry.
  • Safety and risk management professionals working in petroleum storage facilities.
  • Environmental and regulatory compliance officers in tank farm and terminal operations.
  • Maintenance engineers and technical staff responsible for tank and terminal operations.
  • Terminal and logistics managers involved in crude oil and refined product storage and transfer.

 

Daily Agenda

Day One: Crude Oil and Product Properties

  • Review of Energy Production and Consumption: Overview of energy production, consumption patterns, and its relation to tank farm operations.
  • Tank Farm Operations, Planning, and Scheduling: Introduction to tank farm management, operational planning, and scheduling techniques.
  • Physical, Chemical & Hazardous Properties of Stored Products: Understanding the properties of crude oil, refined products, and their impact on storage requirements.
  • Effects of Physical & Chemical Properties on Choice of Storage: How different product properties influence tank selection and storage conditions.
  • Safety and Risk: Understanding safety standards and risk management in tank farm operations.
  • Ignition Sources – Electrostatic Charge (NFPA 77): Identifying ignition sources and managing electrostatic discharge risks in storage tanks.
  • Fire Detection, Firefighting & Protection: Techniques and systems for detecting and combating fires in tank farms.
  • Case Study I: Static Electricity Major Accidents: Analyzing incidents caused by static electricity and lessons learned.
  • Case Study II: Jet Fuel Conductivity Adjustment: Practical approaches to adjusting jet fuel conductivity to reduce risks.

Day Two: Tank Types, Construction & Requirements for Stored Products

  • Tank Farms Differences and Purpose: Overview of various tank farms and their specific purposes.
  • Tank Design & Engineering Considerations, API Codes & Standards: Understanding the design and engineering standards for tank construction, including API codes.
  • Crude & Refined Product Storage: Differences between crude oil and refined product storage and their respective tank requirements.
  • LNG, LPG, CNG Storage: Special considerations for storing liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and compressed natural gas (CNG).
  • Roof Types: Review of different tank roof types including fixed, dome, cone, floating, and internal/external.
  • Suction Levels Fixed/Floating: Understanding the role of suction levels in tank design.
  • Estimation and Measurement of Tank Emissions and Losses: Methods for estimating emissions and losses in storage tanks.
  • Case Study: Emission Reduction Technologies, Vapor Recovery Units: Case study on the use of vapor recovery units to reduce emissions.
  • Group Exercise: Emissions Estimation & Dispersion – Simulation Calculations: Practical exercise using PC simulations for emissions estimation.

Day Three: Tank Terminal Operations

  • Tank Farm Layout, Secondary Containment, Bund Walls: Key design elements in tank farm layout for safety and containment.
  • Emergency Response, Handling Oil Spills: Procedures for responding to oil spills and managing emergency situations.
  • Water Drainage Systems Network and Process Water Treatment: Managing water drainage and treating process water in tank farms.
  • Ship to Shore Transfers, Ship Loading and Discharge Process: Overview of ship-to-shore transfer operations and procedures for loading and discharging products.
  • Bill of Lading, Custody Transfer, and Administration: Legal and administrative aspects of custody transfer in tank farm operations.
  • Tank Gauging and Metering, Meter Proving, Stock Loss & Pipeline Transfer Loss: Techniques for accurate tank gauging, metering, and measuring losses.
  • Sampling and Quality Control – ISO 17025: Standards for sampling and quality control in tank farm operations.
  • Group Exercise: Loss Estimation – Excel Calculations: Hands-on exercise to estimate losses using Excel.

Day Four: Terminal Management

  • Comingled Stock & Unpumpables: Managing comingled stock and handling unpumpable materials in tank terminals.
  • Terminal Inventory Control & Inter Tank Transfers: Techniques for managing inventory and transferring products between tanks.
  • Changing Tanks Service: Guidelines for changing tank services based on product requirements.
  • Tank Calibration/Recalibration: Understanding the process for calibrating and recalibrating tanks for accurate measurements.
  • Instrumentation, Flow and Level Measurement: Overview of instrumentation used for flow and level measurement in tanks.
  • Spill and Overfill Control: Techniques for controlling spills and preventing overfill incidents.
  • Level Alarms/Independent Level Alarms: Importance of level alarms in preventing overfill and ensuring safety.
  • Product Blending and Product Failures: Managing product blending and addressing product failures in tank operations.
  • Excel Calculations: Blending Exercise: Practical blending exercise using Excel.

Day Five: International Regulations & Requirements for Oil & Gas Marine Terminals

 

  • The Seveso III Directive: An overview of the Seveso III Directive and its implications for tank farms and terminals.
  • ISGOTT – Required Notifications in the Event of a Release: Requirements under ISGOTT for notifications in case of a release.
  • Release Detection, Response, Reporting, and Investigation: Protocols for detecting, responding to, and reporting releases in tank terminals.
  • Tank Cleaning: Best practices for cleaning tanks to maintain product quality and safety.
  • Gas Freeing and Confined Entry: Safety protocols for gas freeing tanks and confined space entry.
  • API 653 Tank Inspection: Guidelines for tank inspection under API 653.
  • Tank Failure Causes and Prevention: Understanding the causes of tank failures and how to prevent them.
  • Settling, Corrosion: Addressing issues such as settling and corrosion in tank farms.
  • Case Study I: Tank Inspection Final Report: A case study on tank inspection, highlighting findings and recommendations.
  • Case Study II: The Seveso III Directive Example Reports: Practical examples of Seveso III compliance reports.

Why Choose this Course?

This course provides a comprehensive understanding of tank farm operations, covering everything from tank design to inventory control, safety, and regulatory compliance. Professionals will learn essential skills for managing tank farms effectively, ensuring product integrity, safety, and environmental compliance, while also reducing operational costs and risks. The inclusion of case studies and hands-on exercises ensures that participants gain practical insights applicable to real-world tank farm operations.

Learning Outcome

Upon successful completion of the course, participants will be able to:

  1. Be equipped to manage the operation of tank farms, ensuring safety and regulatory compliance.
  2. Understand the engineering and operational considerations for different types of tanks used in oil and gas storage.
  3. Be able to estimate tank emissions, implement reduction technologies, and manage product losses.
  4. Know how to implement best practices for spill response, emergency procedures, and tank cleaning.
  5. Gain a deeper understanding of international regulations and standards governing tank farm operations.
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